diff --git a/app/services/user_service.py b/app/services/user_service.py
index b342f55..3426dfc 100644
--- a/app/services/user_service.py
+++ b/app/services/user_service.py
@@ -105,16 +105,37 @@ class UserService:
 
     @staticmethod
     def delete_user(user_id):
-        """删除用户 (软删除，将状态设为-1)"""
+        """删除用户 (物理删除)"""
         user = User.query.get(user_id)
         if not user:
             return False, "用户不存在"
 
         try:
-            user.status = -1  # 软删除，设置状态为-1
-            user.updated_at = datetime.now()
+            # 检查是否有未归还的图书
+            active_borrows_count = db.session.execute(
+                "SELECT COUNT(*) FROM borrow_records WHERE user_id = :user_id AND return_date IS NULL",
+                {"user_id": user_id}
+            ).scalar()
+
+            if active_borrows_count > 0:
+                return False, f"无法删除：该用户还有 {active_borrows_count} 本未归还的图书"
+
+            # 删除用户相关的通知记录
+            db.session.execute(
+                "DELETE FROM notifications WHERE user_id = :user_id OR sender_id = :user_id",
+                {"user_id": user_id}
+            )
+
+            # 删除用户相关的日志记录（可选，取决于是否需要保留审计记录）
+            # db.session.execute(
+            #     "DELETE FROM logs WHERE user_id = :user_id",
+            #     {"user_id": user_id}
+            # )
+
+            # 物理删除用户
+            db.session.delete(user)
             db.session.commit()
-            return True, "用户已删除"
+            return True, "用户已永久删除"
         except Exception as e:
             db.session.rollback()
             return False, f"删除失败: {str(e)}"